The looming contest over South Africa’s political direction will kick off with a dispute over IMF financial support to plug a massive gap in government revenues. Opponents of IMF conditionalities favour tapping into state pension funds or stepping up central bank bond buying to make up the shortfall. With ‘battle’ lines drawn across the ruling alliance’s ideological divisions, the outcome of the contest will determine the country’s political leadership and economic policy outlook for years to come.
Robert founded EXX AFRICA in 2015, after pursuing a decade-long career in political risk forecasting at industry-leading companies such as London-based Exclusive Analysis and NYSE-listed IHS Global. At EXX AFRICA, Robert leads a team of partners and contributing analysts to produce commercially relevant and actionable analysis on African political, security, and economic risk. Robert also retains the lead on many consulting projects for blue chip corporations in a wide variety of sectors.
State-owned Enterprises (SOEs) play a significant role in the global economy – but in recent years, they have become synonymous with corruption and poor governance. Robert Besseling, Director at EXX Africa unpacks and assesses efforts (or in some cases, lack thereof) to reform.
Sept 3, 2019
The recent cancellation of high-profile Chinese infrastructure projects in Tanzania and Kenya does not indicate a shift in attitude towards investment from China, writes Robert Besseling, executive director of EXX Africa.
Aug 20, 2019
How do telecom operators and governments shut down an entire country’s connectivity? In Africa, where is the risk highest in 2019? And, what is the commercial and economic impact of the shutdowns? EXX Africa's Robert Besseling provides the analysis.
Feb 12, 2019